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Objective: It is aimed to detect helminth eggs and protozoa (oo) cysts in surface water and waste water samples by using Modified Bailenger method and total coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci parameters in order to show fecal pollution level. Method: In this study, nine water samples were examined. These samples were taken from inlet and outlet of two wastewater treatment plants (A-B Plants), from inlet and outlet of a surface water treatment plant (C Plant) and from three different points of the surface water (D Points) in Ankara. Modified Bailenger method was used in order to detect helminth eggs. Modified kinyoun acid fast stain, Tricrom stain and Giemsa stain were used for detection of protozoa agents by using the end product of Modified Bailenger Method. Total coliform bacteria and E. coli were studied according to TS EN ISO 9308-1 while intestinal enterococci were examined according to TS EN ISO 7899-2 standards. Results: It wasn’t detected in any agent inlet or outlet waters of Plant A from a parasitological aspect. OZET Amac: Yuzey suyu ve sulama amacli kullanilan atik suyu orneklerinde helmint yumurta ve protozoa kist ve oo kistlerinin Modifiye Bailenger Yontemi kullanilarak saptanmasi ve fekal kirlilik duzeylerinin gostergesi olarak toplam koliform bakteri, Escherichia coli ve intestinal enterokok belirlenmesidir. Yontem: Ankara’da sulama suyu temini icin kullanilan iki atik su aritim tesisinin giris ve cikis suyundan (A-B Tesisi), icme-kullanma suyu temini icin kullanilan bir yuzey suyu aritim tesisinin (C Tesisi) giris ve cikis suyundan ve bir golun (D noktalari) uc farkli noktasindan toplam dokuz su ornegi alinmistir. Helmint yumurtalarinin tespit ve sayimi icin Modifiye Bailenger Yontemi kullanilmistir. Protozoon etkenlerin tespiti icin ise Modifiye Kinyoun asit fast boyama, trikrom boyama ve Giemsa boyama teknikleri, Modifiye Bailenger Yonteminde elde edilen son urun kullanilarak uygulanmistir. Toplam koliform bakteri ve E. coli TS EN ISO 9308-1, intestinal enterokok ise TS EN ISO 7899-2 standartlarina gore calisilmistir. Bulgular: A Tesisinin giris ve cikis sularinda parazitolojik acidan bir etken tespit edilmemistir. 1 Turkiye Halk Sagligi Kurumu, Tuketici Guvenligi Laboratuvarlari Daire Baskanligi, ANKARA 2 Ankara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Parazitoloji Bilim Dali, ANKARA Gelis Tarihi / Received : Kabul Tarihi / Accepted : Iletisim / Corresponding Author : Umut BERBEROĞLU Turkiye Halk Sagligi Kurumu, Tuketici Guvenligi Laboratuvarlari Daire Baskanligi, ANKARA Tel : +90 312 565 52 06 E-posta / E-mail : umutb9@hotmail.com 09.10.2013 09.12.2013 DOI ID : 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2013.88557 Turk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi Berberoglu U, Gungor C. Yuzey suyu ve sulama amacli atik sularda fekal kirlilik duzeyleri ile helmint yumurta ve protozoa kistlerinin arastirilmasi. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg, 2013; 70(4): 191-200. * Bu calisma; 18. Ulusal Parazitoloji Kongresi (29 Eylul 5 Ekim 2013, Denizli)’nde PB095’nolu poster bildirisi olarak sunulmustur. Cilt 70  Sayi 4  2013 Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg 192 SUDA FEKAL KIRLILIK ve PARAZIT ETKENLER B Tesisinin giris suyunda Ascaris lumbricoides yumurtasi 80/L, Hymenolepis nana yumurtasi 40/L, Taenia spp. yumurtasi 120/L, Giardia lamblia ve Entamoeba spp. kisti ise 40/L olarak tespit edilmistir. B ve C tesislerin cikis sularinda parazit etkeni gorulmemistir. C tesisinin giris suyunda ise Ascaris lumbricoides yumurtasi 48/L olarak belirlenmistir. Yuzey suyundan alinan uc farkli su orneginde de paraziter acisindan bir etken bulunmamistir. Fekal kirlilik tespiti icin yapilan calismalarda ise A Tesisinin cikis suyunda herhangi bir kirlilik belirlenmezken, B Tesisinin cikis suyunda sadece intestinal enterokok 100 kob/100 mL olarak tespit edilmistir. A Tesisinin giris suyunda toplam koliform bakteri, E. coli ve intestinal enterokok sayilari sirasiyla 1x106 kob/100mL, 9x105 kob/100mL ve 1,6x105 kob/ 100mL, B tesisi ise 5x105 kob/100 mL, 5x105 kob/10mL ve 1x107 kob/ 100mL bulunmustur. C Tesisi cikis suyunda fekal kirlilik bulunmamasina ragmen giris suyunda toplam koliform bakteri, E. coli ve intestinal enterokoklar sirasiyla 20 kob/ 100mL, 10 kob/ 100mL ve 0 kob/100mL tespit edilmistir. D noktalarindan yapilan incelemelerde birinci ve ucuncu noktalarda sadece toplam koliform bakteri sirasiyla 300 kob/100mL ve 4 kob/100mL bulunmustur. Bunun yaninda, ikinci noktada sadece intestinal enterokok 6 kob/100 mL olarak belirlenmistir. Sonuc: Aritim tesislerinden elde edilen suyun, calisilan tum parametreler acisindan ilgili mevzuata uygun oldugu bulunmustur. Modifiye Bailenger Yonteminin ozellikle ham atik sularda helmint yumurtalarinin tespit ve sayimi icin uygulanabilir oldugu gorulmustur. Ancak bu Yontemin protozoa (oo) kistlerini tespit etme kapasitesini arttirmak icin ek boyama yontemlerinin ilave edilebilecegi gorulmustur. Ayrica atik suyun tekrar kullanilmasi amaciyla gerceklestirilecek dogru ve guvenilir yonetimsel yaklasimlarin olusturulmasinda, parazit etkenler ile birlikte fekal kirlilik duzeyleri arasindaki iliskinin gosterilmesi onem kazanmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Su kirliligi, sulama, atik su, helmint, protozoa, yumurta, kist In the inlet water of Plant B, Ascaris lumbricoides eggs, Hymenolepis nana eggs, Taenia spp eggs, Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba spp. cysts were detected 80/L, 40/L, 120/L, 40/L and 40/L respectively. But, any parasite agent wasn’t detected in the outlet water of Plant B. While it wasn’t detected in the agent outlet water of Plant C from parasitological aspect; it is determined there are 48/L Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in the inlet water of Plant C. No parasite agent was detected in the surface water samples taken from three different points. In the investigations conducted for determination of fecal pollution, whilst in the outlet water of Plant A it wasn’t detected; in the outlet water of plant B, only intestinal enterococci 100 cfu/100mL was found. Whereas, total coliform bacteria, E. coli and intestinal enterococci numbers were 1x106 cfu /100mL, 9x105 cfu /100mL and 1.6x105 cfu /100mL in the inlet water of Plant A; they were found as 5x105 cfu/100mL, 5x105 cfu /100mL and 1x107 cfu/ 100mL respectively in the inlet water of Plant B. Bacteria was not detected in the outlet water of Plant C although total coliform bacteria, E. coli and intestinal enterococci were detected as 20 cfu/100mL, 10 cfu/100mL and 0 cfu/100mL, respectively in Plant C inlet water. In the investigation conducted in D points, it only found only total coliform bacteria as 300 cfu/100mL and 4cfu /100mL at first and third points, respectively. Beside this, only intestinal enterococci are detected as 6 cfu/100mL at second point. Conclusion: As a result of our study, it was detected that surface water and waste water that are used for irrigation are in accordance with the regulations aspect according to whole parameters that are studied. It is found that Modified Bailenger method is an applicable method for detection of helminth eggs especially in raw waste water. Besides this, in order to increase the capacity of Modified Bailenger method in the detection of protozoa (oo) cytes, additional staining methods can be added at the end of the method. Moreover, for constitute accurate and reliable administrative approaches in the reuse of waste water, it is important to show the relationship between parasite agents and fecal pollution level.

Investigation of fecal pollution level, helminthes eggs and protozoa cysts in surface water and waste water used for irrigation