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IGF binds and activates to insulin like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R). IGF-1R activation triggers the signaling pathways that mediates proliferation, cell survival and metastasis (7). Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) is the main adaptor molecule that interacts with IGF-1R after ligand binding. IGF-1R phosphorylates tyrosine residues of IRS1 that leads to activation of IRS1 proteins. Activated IRS1 induces the activation of AKT and MAPK proteins that regulates metabolic and proliferative functions of the cells (8,9). Therefore, IRS1 overexpression is an important factor in tumorigenesis.

Overexpression of Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 (IRS1) Promotes Radioresistance in A172 Glioblastoma Cell Line