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The most common reason for admission of patients to Intensive Care Units is respiratory insufficiency. In respiratory insufficiency treatment, mostly mechanical ventilation support is applied to patients. Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) is an important parameter of mechanical ventilation. PEEP increases the pressure that occurs in the respiratory system during mechanical ventilation, and also contributes to oxygenation of the blood by improving the pulmonary oxygen exchange by opening the collapsed or fluid-filled alveoli (1-4). Although PEEP frequently saves lives, it also brings with it several hemodynamic complications. At times, the potential negative outcomes of high-level PEEP might be more than their benefits (5,6). PEEP also has impacts on the cardiovascular system according to the cardiovascular status, compliance with the respiratory system and its level. PEEP increases the airway and intrathoracic pressure, and reduces the venous return of the heart, which causes a reduction in the pre-load of the heart. This leads to a decrease in the cardiac pulse volume and average arterial pressure (7,8). In addition, it was also reported in several studies that PEEP decreases the mesenteric blood-flow (9). For this reason, it is recommended that the PEEP level is considered when interpreting the Intra-Abdominal Pressure (IAP) values in patients who receive mechanical ventilation (10-12).

Effects of increasing Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) values on intraabdominal pressure and hemodynamics: A prospective clinical study