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The ice surface softening during friction is shown as a result of spontaneousappearance of shear strain caused by external supercritical heating. Thistransformation is described by the Kelvin-Voigt equation for viscoelasticmedium, by the relaxation equations of Landau-Khalatnikov-type and for heatconductivity. The study reveals that the above-named equations formallycoincide with the synergetic Lorenz system, where the order parameter isreduced to shear strain, stress acts as the conjugate field, and temperatureplays the role of a control parameter. Using the adiabatic approximation, thestationary values of these quantities are derived. The examination ofdependence of the relaxed shear modulus on strain explains the ice surfacesoftening according to the first-order transition mechanism. The criticalheating rate is proportional to the relaxed value of the ice shear modulus andinversely proportional to its typical value.

Nonlinear model of ice surface softening during friction