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Funding information Louisville Institute; Duke University's Graduate School and Department of Sociology; Center for the Study of Philanthropy and Voluntarism; Religious Research Association; William K. Kellogg Foundation; Society for the Scientific Study of Religion; Hearst Foundation; Interfaith Funders Abstract Organizations are often core sites for the production and perpetuation of social inequality. Although the United States is becoming more racially diverse, organizational elites remain disproportionately white, and this mismatch contributes to increasing racial inequality. This article examines whether and how leaders of color within predominantly white organizations can help their organizations address racial inequality. Our analysis uses data from a national study of politically oriented civic organizations and ethnographic fieldwork within one predominantly white organization. We draw on institutional work research, the outsider-within concept, and insights from critical whiteness theory to explain how leaders of color can use their position and “critical standpoint” to help guide their organization toward advancing racial equality. The qualitative analysis shows how such leaders, when empowered, help their organization address race internally by (a) providing alternatives to white-dominated perspectives, (b) developing tools to educate white members about racial inequality, and (c) identifying and addressing barriers to becoming a more racially diverse organization. The qualitative analysis also shows how leaders of color help their organization address race externally by (a) sharing personal narratives about living in a whitedominated society and (b) brokering collaborations with organizations led by people of color. This research has implications for organizations seeking to promote social equality: Organizational leaders from marginalized status Received: 22 March 2018 Revised: 29 July 2019 Accepted: 8 August 2019

Critical Standpoint: Leaders of Color Advancing Racial Equality in Predominantly White Organizations