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The split-increment horizontal placement technique is currently used, along withother restorative techniques, in moderate-to-large occlusal cavities for reducing theshrinkage stress generated during light polymerization. Such stress, if releaseduncontrolled, may cause damage within the composite, tooth or at the adhesive interface.The term “diagonal cut” was used in our original paper published in 2005 to refer to theaction of dividing each composite increment into segments prior to light polymerizationand was presented in two-dimensional illustration. Besides, we made no mention in theoriginal paper of the term “diagonal gap” as an outcome of such diagonal cutting. Wecurrently recognize the importance of introducing the “diagonal gap” term and the needfor shedding some light on its role to help provide a more comprehensive view of thesplit-increment technique. The purpose of the current paper is to rethink our incrementsplitting concept used in direct occlusal composite restorations by introducing the term“diagonal gap” as a stress-relieving vertical site and demonstrating it in athree-dimensional illustration for providing a more comprehensive understanding of thesplit-increment technique. Conclusion: In the current paper, the term “diagonal gap” isintroduced to refer to the vertical gap created by diagonal cutting of the horizontalcomposite increment, before light curing. This gap enables the segmented compositeincrement to undergo unrestrained shrinkage, where each segment being free from adhesionat the gap site can deform independently from the other segments. The relief of thepolymerization shrinkage stress generated during light curing prevents formation ofcracks in enamel and/or composite, and debonding of adhesive interfaces. Keywords:deformation; diagonal gap; incremental; occlusal; polymerization shrinkage; posteriorcomposite; segment; split-increment; stress reduction; stress-relieving site

Formation of Diagonal Gaps as Stress-Relieving Sites: Rethinking the Concept of Increment Splitting in Direct Occlusal Composite Restorations