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Although phonosurgery has resolved various aspects of voice disorders, it still remains difficult to regenerate the tissue properties of the stiffened or degenerated vocal fold mucosa. Recent advancements in molecular biology, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has shed a light on overcoming this challenge. Since the myriad distribution of extracellular matrix (ECM) components defines the viscoelasticity of the vocal fold, it is important to well characterize the location and function of each molecule in the vocal folds, as well as to develop some strategies to restore the ECM distribution in order to regenerate the tissue properties. Several investigations have revealed histologic and genetic features of normal, scarred, and aged vocal folds. Innovative treatments targeting key molecules have been researched using animal models and human cases. These treatments included an implant of hyaluronic acid and growth factor therapy. Further studies are required for the development of a molecular approach to the restoration of vocal fold mucosa.

Molecular Approach to Vocal Fold Mucosa Restoration