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Effective water management is essential to ensure the sustainability of irrigated agriculture. The accurate determination of crop water requirements is the first step in this task. This paper describes the building of a one-tree weighing lysimeter (3 × 3 m and 2.15 m depth) located in an almond (Prunus dulcis cv. Guara) orchard, inside the experimental farm "Alameda del Obispo" in Córdoba, Spain, to measure orchard evapotranspiration (ET c). Following a review on lysimetry, the description of the construction of the weighing lysimeter is provided in detail, including considerations relative to system resolution and wind effects on the measurements. Finally, some preliminary results of the evaporation and transpiration of young almond trees are presented demonstrating that lysimetry in orchards provides accurate ET c values needed to determine irrigation water requirements.The study was supported by the grant CICYTAGL2009-07350 and the INIA programme of scientific infrastructure, both funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science and by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The authors acknowledge the support of Consolider-Rideco grant CSD2006-0067 from the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain.Peer Reviewe

Design and construction of a large weighing lysimeter in an almond orchard