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The fast rotation of new cultivars demanded by modern fruit growers implies the loss of many old varieties with valuable characters. Then, the need arises to keep and characterize this germplasm for future breeding projects. The region of Murcia, together with Valencia, in the East and Southeast of Spain respectively, are important and ancient producers of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), and many local cultivars have appeared and diversified in this area. A collection of 28 of these old cultivars, plus eight clonal selections of the cultivar ‘Bulida’, is maintained at the Instituto Murciano de Investigacion y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA, Murcia, Spain). In order to characterize their genetic diversity and to identify the collection with molecular markers, 17 microsatellite primers pairs were used. Thirteen of these primers produced polymorphic repeatable amplification patterns, and 31 genotypes were identified among the 36 apricot accessions. In addition to this, an evaluation of the genetic diversity found in the field within the cultivar ‘Bulida’ was made, the predominant cultivar for the canning industry in the region. For this, 66 field samples were analyzed with seven microsatellite markers. The results suggest that all the samples could derive from four closely-related genotypes, one of them accounting for 89% of the samples. Additional key words: cultivar identification, genetic relationships, microsatellites, molecular diversity, molecular markers. Resumen Variabilidad genetica entre cultivares de albaricoquero tradicionales (Prunus armeniaca L.) del sureste espanol La rapida rotacion de nuevas variedades que exige la fruticultura moderna, implica la perdida de muchas variedades antiguas con caracteres potencialmente valiosos. En consecuencia, surge la necesidad de mantener y caracterizar este germoplasma para futuros proyectos de mejora. La region de Murcia, junto con la de Valencia, en el este y sureste de Espana respectivamente, son importantes y antiguas productoras de albaricoque (Prunus armeniaca L.), y muchos cultivares autoctonos han aparecido y se han diversificado en la zona. En el Instituto Murciano de Investigacion y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA, Murcia, Espana) se mantiene una coleccion de 28 de estas antiguas variedades mas 8 selecciones clonales del cv. ‘Bulida’. Para caracterizar molecularmente la diversidad e identidad genetica de esta coleccion, se emplearon 17 marcadores microsatelite. En 13 de ellos se detectaron pautas de amplifi

Genetic variability among local apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) from the Southeast of Spain