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Chemical Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Korea(Received on October 4, 2010; Accepted on November 19, 2010)In the course of a searching environmental friendlyantifungal compounds, we found that mixture of methylesters of fatty acids obtained from soybean oil hadpotent control efficacy against barley powdery mildew(Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei). In this study, ten alkylfatty acid esters (AFAEs) were tested for in vivo anti-fungal activity against five plant diseases such as riceblast, rice sheath blight, tomato gray mold, tomato lateblight and barley powdery mildew. Some AFAEs show-ed the most control efficacy against barley powderymildew among the tested plant diseases. By 5-hr protec-tive and 1-day curative applications, six AFAEs (3,000µg/ml), including methyl and ethyl palmitates, methyland ethyl oleates, methyl linoleate, and methyl linolen-ate demonstrated both curative and protective activitiesagainst barley powdery mildew. In contrary, methyllaurate strongly controlled the development of powderymildew on barley plants by curative treatment at aconcentration of 333 µg/ml, but did not show protectiveactivity even at 3,000 µg/ml. Under greenhouse condi-tions, the seven AFAEs (1,000 µg/ml) except for methyland ethyl stearates, and methyl caprylate also effective-ly controlled cucumber powdery mildew caused byPodosphaera xanthii. Among them, methyl and ethylpalmitates (333 µg/ml) represented the most controlactivity of more than 68% against the disease. Theresults are the first report on the antifungal activity ofmethyl and ethyl esters of fatty acids against plantpathogenic fungi.Keywords : barley, Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei, controlefficacy, cucumber, Podosphaera xanthiiPowdery mildew disease caused by powdery mildew fungisuch as Podosphaera spp, Blumeria spp., and Erysiphe spp.occurs wherever all kinds of plants except gymnosperm aregrown. The disease causes serious problems in commercialproduction of crops and ornamental plants, in particular,greenhouse cultivated plants. In case of foliar diseases suchas powdery mildew, the application of fungicide spray maybe the main measure to control the disease in most crops(McGrath, 1996). However, field isolates of powderymildew fungi being resistant to fungicides such as benzi-midazoles (benomyl and carbendazim), DMIs (triadimefon,triadimenol, and flusilazole), and QoIs (azoxystrobin,trifloxystrobin, and pyraclostrobin) have developed rapidlyand have become widespread worldwide (De Waard et al.,1986; Fernandez-Ortuno et al., 2006; Fletcher and Wolfe,1981; Ishii et al., 2001; McGrath and Shishkoff, 2003;Schepers, 1983; Schroedder and Providenti, 1969; Vargas,1973; Wilcox et al., 2003). Because of concerns abouthuman health and environmental quality, the demand fororganic foods cultivated without synthetic fungicide treat-ment is rapidly increasing.For the control of powdery mildew, several attempts havebeen made in order to develop antifungal compounds ofvarious origins such as free water, sodium bicarbonate, plant-derived natural compounds, and biocontrol microorganisms(Pasini et al., 1997; Copping and Menn, 2000). These areconsidered to be more environmentally friendly thanconventional fungicides. Among them, plant oils and theirsalts (M-pede and Naturell), plant extracts of Reynoutriasachalinensis (Milsana), Allium sativum (Ajoene), andAzadirachta indica (Neemazal) effectively controlled pow-dery mildew of crops (BCPC, 2001; Copping and Menn,2000; Dik and Van Der Staay, 1995; Herger and Klingauf,1990; McGrath and Shishkoff, 1999; Pasini et al., 1997;Prithiviraj et al., 1998; Singh et al., 1995). The plant oils being liquids at 25

Antifungal Activity of Lower Alkyl Fatty Acid Esters against Powdery Mildews