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A newborn male with pulmonary edema was delivered at term by elective Caesarian section.　Cytokine profiles of 17 cytokines and KL-6 in cord blood and serial serum values were investigated. The cord blood values of all 17 cytokines and KL-6 were within normal limits.　Subsequently, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, and IFNγ rapidly elevated during the first several hours after birth and dramatically decreased thereafter, whereas KL-6 rose to 611 U/ml on the 3 rd day of life and then gradually decreased.　These cytokines may induce pulmonary permeability, and KL-6 secreted in lining fluid could result in influx into the bloodstream.　This is the first report that we have differentiated neonatal pulmonary edema from TTN by the measurement of serial cytokine profiles and KL-6 in serum.

Neonatal high-permeability pulmonary edema based on serial cytokine profiles and KL-6 in serum: case report