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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between mater­ nal genital Ureaplasma urealyticum colonization in the second trimester and the neonatal outcomes. Methods: We studied 577 premature infants born at ≤35 weeks’ gestational age (GA) at Hallym University, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital from January 2008 to Decem­ ber 2014. Maternal vaginal specimens were collected and polymerase chain reaction and/or culture tests were done in the second trimester of pregnancy. The subjects were divided into 2 groups: a Uu colonization­positive group (UU) and a Uu­negative (control) group. Subgroup analyses were performed in extremely premature (23–28 weeks’ GA) and premature (29–35 weeks’ GA) infants. Various clinical outcomes were compared. Results: Of 577 preterm infants, 311 were delivered with maternal Uu infection (UU, 53.9%). Mean GA (30.0±3.6 weeks vs. 31.0±3.7 weeks, P=0.010) and birth weight (1,685.6±680.4 g vs. 1,932.7±733.1 g, P=0.003) were lower in the UU group than in con­ trols. However, there were no significant differences in GA and birth weight in extre­ mely premature group. Premature labor (P=0.002) and histological chorioamnio nitis (P=0.032) was significantly more common in the UU group, especially in mothers who delivered in third trimester (29–35 weeks’ GA). In particular, the incidence of moderate­to­severe BPD was statistically higher in UU extremely premature group (60.8% vs. 32.2%) (P=0.001). Conclusion: Maternal colonization with Uu was associated with an increase in premature delivery and lower birth weights. Moderate­to­severe BPD was more common in premature infants born at ≤28 weeks’ GA with maternal Uu colonization.

neonatal medicine

Clinical Effects ofUreaplasma urealyticumColonization in Maternal Vaginal Fluid at Second Trimester on Neonatal Outcomes of Premature Infant ≤35 Weeks' Gestational Age