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The study aimed to evaluate the effect of the traditional burning and the enleirament of residues on the organism edafic abundance and diversity under caatinga. For this research four areas had been selected: a) caatinga deforested, burnings and planted with corn and beans in the first year; b) caatinga deforested, burnings and planted with corn and beans in the second year consecutive; c)caatinga deforested and the organic residues located in leiras and planted with corn and beans between the leiras; d) Bush with about 50 years. Traps of "pitfall" type were installed for soil edafic fauna collection. The burnings accomplished in the treatments cultivated with corn and beans, resulted in reduction in the abundance and diversity of soil fauna, while that the enleirament of residues showed to be the one practical conservative one for the fauna. The analysis of main components showed to strong association group Diptera with the system management with leiras and of the groups Larva of Coleoptera, Scorpionidae and Collembola with the bush. In turn, in the systems that had suffered burnings only the Orthoptera group if detached.

DIVERSIDADE DA FAUNA EDÁFICA EM SOLOS SUBMETIDOS A DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE MANEJO NO SEMI-ÁRIDO NORDESTINO