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Tissue engineering will likely become one of the key technologies to support human health in the near future. Three of the major components of tissue engineering comprise cells, signal molecules, and scaffolds 1, 2); of these, scaffolds have been developed for the purpose of implanting adhesive cells. However, recent developments in cell sheet technology through the use of thermo–responsive culture dishes suggests that the necessity for such scaffolds during tissue engineering may be reduced, although complex culture procedures are required to effect vascularization in these multilayer cell systems 3). In comparison, vascular–like connected pores in scaffolds represent effective measures for the support of cell cultures used for tissue engineering implants. Scaffolds are generally prepared from bioabsorbable polymers as they degrade during and subsequent to tissue regeneration. Among them, poly(L–lactic acid) (PLLA) exhibits good tensile strength and is used accordingly in orthopedic surgeries 4, 5). In the early years of scaffold development, porogens such as leachable salt crystals were used to prepare porous PLLA membranes for cell transplantation 6). The thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method has also been used for the preparation of PLLA porous scaffolds 7~ 9). PLLA porous scaffolds prepared by the TIPS method are usually uniform and contain cellular pores smaller than 30 μm. However, large cells such as human osteoblast–like cells (20×50 μm or larger) 10) are difficult to grow in these pores. Thus, the pore size on the inlet side should be larger than 100 μm to allow cells to grow in the pores and those on the opposite side should be smaller than 10 μm to retain the cells in the Preparation of a Poly(L–Lactic Acid) Membrane Scaffold with Open Finger–Like Pores Prepared by a Nonsolvent–Induced Phase Separation Method with the Aid of a Surfactant

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【Original Contribution】 Preparation of a Poly(L–Lactic Acid) Membrane Scaffold with Open Finger–Like Pores Prepared by a Nonsolvent–Induced Phase Separation Method with the Aid of a Surfactant