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The purpose of this study was to examine microbiological changes after periodontal initial therapy by DNA probe and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays in addition to clinical evaluation. Twenty-six periodontitis patients, 10 males and 16 females, were selected. All subjects were treated by scaling and root planing following oral hygiene instruction. Bacterial samples were collected with paper points from a total of 104 sites, 4 sites in each patient, at baseline and after initial therapy. DNA probe analysis was used to monitor Bacteroides forsythus and Porphyromonas gingivalis. PCR analysis was performed to identify the presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. The initial therapy resulted in significant clinical improvements as assessed by clinical parameters including pocket depth, attachment level and bleeding on probing. After the therapy, the detection frequency of B. forsythus and P. gingivalis was significantly reduced, but the detection frequency of A. actinomycetemcomitans did not significantly decreased. These results indicated that initial therapy can bring about elimination of B. forsythus and P. gingivalis by means of conventional techniques, but not of A. actinomycetemcomitans. When complete elimination of these microorganisms was obtained, significant clinical improvement was found. Monitoring the changes of three bacteria may provide a more effective modality.

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The Effect of Periodontal Initial Therapy on Detection Frequency of Bacteroides forsythus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Detection by DNA Probe and PCR Methods.