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In a previous study, we found that methanolic extracts of immature fruits of Satuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc. var. okitsu) contained relatively high amounts of phytochemicals. Here we show that a combined treatment consisting of immature fruits of Satuma mandarin and cisplatin induced strong apoptotic response in human melanoma A375 cells. We further investigated the mechanisms by which immature fruits of Satuma mandarin augment cisplatin-induced apoptosis in A375 cells. Satuma mandarin up-regulated the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), elevated nitric oxide (NO) production, and weakening the anti-apoptotic signals inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family, thus facilitating the process of apoptosis. These results suggest that immature fruits of Satuma mandarin in combination with cisplatin might have therapeutic value in melanoma treatment worthy of further development.

saengmyeong gwahag hoeji/saengmyeong gwahak hoeji

Immature Citrus Fruit Extracts Enhance the Apoptosis Inducing Potential of Cisplatin in Human Malignant Melanoma A375 Cells via Regulation of Nitric Oxide and Inhibitor of Apoptosis Family (IAP)