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This study investigated the effect of endurance exercises on blood pressure, angiogenesis, and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the skeletal muscle of spontaneously hypertensiverats (SHR). Five week old SHRs and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were randomly divided into 3 groups: Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY, n=9), SHR control (SHR-C, n=9), and SHR endurance exercise training (SHR-E, n=9). Endurance exercise training was performed on a treadmill (12-20 m/min, 0% grade, 60 min/day, 5 days/week, 16 weeks). Systolic blood pressure was monitored with the tail-cuff method. The expression of VEGF protein and capillary density were identified using western blotting and H&E staining in the soleus muscle, respectively. Systolic blood pressure was reduced by endurance exercise in SHR (p<0.05). The capillary density of skeletal muscles in SHR-C was lower than in WKY (p<0.05), but it was recovered by endurance exercise training (SHR-E) compared to SHR-C (p<0.05), and VEGF protein was also increased by endurance exercise training compared to SHR-C (p<0.05). These data suggest that the enhancement of capillary density via an increase of VEGF expression in skeletal muscles by endurance exercise training could be an important factor to inhibit blood pressure elevation in SHR.

Regular Endurance Exercise Decreases Blood Pressure via Enhancement of Angiogenesis and VEGF Expression in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats