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Aims: Disability and Rehabilitation Medicine are lagging behind in resource-limited settings (RLS). Baseline data from these settings should set goals for implementation. Following legislation (N°83/013/1983) on the protection of persons with disabilities in Cameroon, we sought to assess the types and potential determinants of physical disability, in order to set-up pitfalls towards better protection and promotion of human rights among disable Cameroonians. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2013 among physical disable individuals Calogero Foti1, Yannick N. Azeufack1,2, Martin S. Sobze2,3, Caterina Albensi1, Raoul W. Guetiya4,5, Rachel Mindjomo2, Michelle Sipewo2, Isabelle Djouana2, Axel Mba2, Elisabeth Metomo2, Ivan Nkone2, Mireille Ndongo2, Manjieli Awawou2, Charleine Tuiedjo2, James F. Onohiol2,3, Bruna Djeunang Dongho2,3, Patrick P. Nkamedjie2, Vittorio Colizzi4,6 Affiliations: 1Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon; 3PIPAD Onlus, Dschang, Cameroon; 4Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; 5Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang, Cameroon; 6UNESCO Board of Multidisciplinary Biotechnology, Rome, Italy. Corresponding Author: Calogero Foti, MD, FEBPRM, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome; Italy; Via Montpellier, 1, Rome, Italy; 00133; E-mail: foti@med.uniroma2.it Received: 14 December 2015 Accepted: 31 March 2016 Published: 06 July 2016 living in the Health District of Dschang, a locality of the western region of Cameroon with people from diverse origins. A standard questionnaire identifying disabilities and related socio-economic and health determinants was administered to each identified disabled. Results: Out of 159 physically disabled (55.9% female and mean age 36 years [sd±17.26], 33.8% with primary educational-level), orthopedic (mainly due to fracture [45.8%] and infectious diseases [29.1%]) and neurological disabilities (mainly hemiplegia [33.3%], hemiparesis [23.8%], and monoplegia [23.8%]) were leading types of disabilities. Main causes of disability were traffic accidents (17.8%) and inappropriate medical interventions (14.5%). Disability onset decreased significantly with age (from 41.4% for 0–10 years to 0.6% for 70–80 years old, p=0.00508), and 50% experienced social discrimination/stigmatization. The disabled had low-income (XAF 50,000–200,000) to pay for rehabilitative care (XAF 10,000–100,000), and up to 83% appealed for an improved quality of rehabilitation medicine. Conclusion: Wider range of disabilities calls for safer transportation, medical interventions and disease prevention, implementing standard approaches towards rehabilitation and social reintegration of the disabled living in typical RLS.

Characterizing disability and perception of rehabilitation in the health District of Dschang, Cameroon