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Short stature is defined as a height more than 2.0 standard deviations (SD) below the population standard for chronological age and sex, and can have various causes, including genetic, nutritional, psychological, or hormonal problems, or chronic systemic disease [1]. However, it is well known that most children with short stature who are referred to an outpatient pediatric clinic are idiopathic [2] and otherwise healthy [3]. Of the potential etiologies of short stature, growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD) is one of the most common conditions in children with short stature. GHD is characterized by reduced secretion of GH relative to the standard value, which is attributed to problems related to the GH-insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis. The diagnosis of GHD in children requires various comprehensive clinical and auxological assessments, combined with biochemical tests of GH secretion and radiological evaluation. The GH-IGF axis is more susceptible to disruption by acquired conditions than other hypothalamic-pituitary axes [4]. Therefore, GHD could be caused by intracranial mass lesions (regardless of whether they are benign or malignant), traumatic head injury, or the use of radiotherapy [5], in addition to the problems described above. Central nervous system imaging using computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in radiological evaluation

Intracranial pathology in children with growth hormone deficiency: Experience from a single-center in Japan over a 12-year period