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BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to investi- gate the arsenic (As) contaminations in polished rice culti- vated nearby abandoned mine areas, and to estimate the potential health risk through dietary intake of As-enriched polished rice in each age-gender population. METHODS AND RESULTS: The As contents in poli- shed rice grown fifteen abandoned mine areas were analy- zed. The average daily intake (ADD) as well as probabili- stic health risk were estimated by assuming probability distribution of exposure parameters. The average total As concentration in polished rice was 0.09±0.06 mg/kg with a range of 0.02~0.35 mg/kg. For health risk assessment, the ADD values in all age-gender populations did not exceed the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) of 2.1 µg/kg b.w./day for inorganic As. Cancer risk probability (R) values were 2.45~3.28×10 -4 and 2.51~5.75×10 -4 for all age population and gender population, respectively. Particularly, the R value, 5.75×10 -4 , for children less than six years old were estimated to be high. Hazard quotient (HQ) values were 0.23~0.31 and 0.11~0.33 for general population and age-gender population, respectively. CONCLUSION(s): The average R values assessed via intake of polished rice cultivated in abandoned mine areas exceeded the acceptable cancer risk of 10 -6 ~10 -4 for regula- tory purpose. Considering the HQ values smaller than 1.0, potential non-cancer toxic effects may not be caused by the long-time exposure through intake of As-contaminated polished rice.

Arsenic Contamination of Polished Rice Produced in Abandoned Mine Areas and Its Potential Human Risk Assessment using Probabilistic Techniques