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Diarrhea is a common health complaint occurring with mild, temporary conditions to a potentially life-threatening condition.  Cucurbita maxima  (Cucurbitaceae) seed is reportedly used traditionally for the treatment of diarrheal and thus this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidants, total tannins, phenolics contents, and antidiarrheal potentials of  n -hexane and aqueous  C. maxima  seed extracts in castor oil induced diarrheal rats. The  n -hexane extract mainly contains oils while the aqueous extract was thick, brown solid. The aqueous and  n -hexane seed extract of  C. maxima  expressed significant 2,2, diphenyl-1-picrythdrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities at 6.25 – 1000 mg/mL with IC 50  values of 104.01 mg/mL, 29.27 mg/mL and 26.78 mg/mL for  n -hexane, aqueous and vitamin C respectively. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of the  n -hexane and aqueous seed extract of  C. maxima  were significantly lower at higher concentrations compared with that of vitamin C. Furthermore, the total antioxidant capacities of  n -hexane (22.08mg/mL) and aqueous seed extract (11.03 mg/mL) of  C. maxima  were found to be higher than that of vitamin C (134.46 mg/mL). The aqueous extracts (658.33±380.08 mg QE/g) total tannins were not significantly different from the  n -hexane extract (468.33±102.55 mg QE/g) while the  n -hexane extract contains significantly higher total phenolics (2.93±1.25 mg GAE/g) compared with the aqueous extract (0.19±0.04 mg GAE/g). Percentage inhibition of stooling was found to be 57±22%, 41±16%, and 46±11% for loperamide,  n -hexane, and aqueous respectively. The study concludes that aqueous and n-hexane seed extracts of  C. maxima  (pumpkin) possess in vitro antioxidant activities and antidiarrheal properties.

natural resources for human health

&lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; antioxidant and antidiarrheal activities of aqueous and &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt;-hexane extracts of &lt;i&gt;Cucurbita maxima&lt;/i&gt; seed in castor oil-induced diarrheal rats