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Thermal balance applied to the aquifer artificial recharge in the region of Caldas Novas, Goias State of Brazil. The development of aquifer artificial recharge projects brings two main concerns: the groundwater contamination risk and, in the case of thermal systems, the risk of water cooling. The present study presents, from a semi-quantitative perspective, an analysis of the risk of temperature reduction of the thermal aquifer at the Caldas Novas region, state of Goias, Brazil. The local groundwater reservoirs are classified as thermal artesian fractured aquifer systems. Three different aquifer systems are individualized: Intergranular, Paranoa and Araxa. The permanent reserves of the Paranoa and Araxa Aquifers Systems were estimated in 1,8 x 10 8 m 3 and 4,5 x 10 7 m 3 , respectively, and the renewable reserves as 2,25 x 10 6 m 3 /year, for Araxa, and 9,0 x 10 6 m 3 /year, for Paranoa. These were compared to different volumes of artificial recharge water, and showed that, on a global view, there is no risk of temperature reduction for these waters, since the volumes of recharge are insignificant when compared to the reservoir. However, it is possible to find some heat loss in the surroundings of the wells that were used for the water injection, because the mixture of waters is not instantaneous and the water injected in each well affects a restricted volume of the aquifer. It had also been proposed the delimitation of the hydrogeological basin associated to the control of the hydrothermal system present in the central region of Caldas Novas. The set of available information shows that, regarding the temperature issue, the artificial recharge of the thermal aquifers is viable.

Balanço térmico aplicado à recarga artificial dos aquíferos da região de Caldas Novas, estado de Goiás