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Myanmar’s mental health system is in dire need of improvement. The importance of mental health care has generally been overlooked and undervalued in the country. The negligence seems to stem from a lack of policies, training, infrastructure, funding, stigmatization, and a suitable ethical code of conduct. Due to six decades of international isolation, the small discipline of psychology, which already faced social disdain due to stigmatization, was further degraded as an academic discipline. Coupled with the recent ongoing violence that likely contributed to trauma amongst some of the population, this highlights the importance of well-established multiculturally competent ethical guidelines for psychology to gain a respectable reputation as a viable mental health treatment and as a scientific study of human behavior. This paper is an autoethnography exploring Myanmar’s barriers to effective mental health care while emphasizing establishing an empirically backed culturally competent ethical code of conduct for Myanmar’s field of psychology. As an individual born and raised in Myanmar, the first author hopes to shed some light on the mental health crisis in Myanmar by sharing her personal experiences. The authors also reviewed and analyzed the American Psychological Association’s (APA) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct and explored the multiculturally competent adaptability and applicability of the APA Ethical Code of Conduct to Myanmar culture. Recommendations and implications for practitioners and future research were offered. KEYWORDS: Ethical Code of Conduct, mental health care, multicultural competence, Myanmar, psychology

The Need for Ethical and Multiculturally Competent Practice of Psychology in Myanmar