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Aims: In view of significant role of osteocalcin and adiponectin in the onset of insulin resistance and diabetes in rat model and cell line studies we aimed to study the influence of family history for diabetes on osteocalcin and adiponectin levels and their role in initiating the changes in diabetic markers in healthy adult springs of diabetic parents, thus a hypothesis can be drawn on their role in developing diabetes in high risk population. Methodology: Age between 18 to 22 years was selected and divided into three groups. Group I: control group consists (n=81) with no family history of diabetes. Group II: (n=147) with one of their parents with history of type 2 diabetes. Group III: (n=47) with both parents having history of type 2 diabetes. In all the groups we estimated fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, insulin and adiponectin and osteocalcin. Results: We observed significant lower levels of adiponectin 8.7 ± 1μg/ml in group-III and 9.5 ±1.3 μg/ml in group-II when compared to control 11.0 ± 1.2 μg/ml (p<0.01) and HOMA-IR in children of diabetic parents had a statistically significant correlation with plasma Adiponectin with Pearson’s coefficient -0.504. Through linear regression analysis parental diabetes influences plasma adiponectin p <0.01 (B -1.50, 95% CI -1.79 - -1.20) but not osteocalcin P>0.05 (B .313, 95% CI -.114 - .740) levels in children of diabetic parents. Conclusion: family history for diabetes does not influence osteocalcin levels but may influence adiponectin gene expression leading to a decrease in its plasma concentration, which might play a key role in developing diabetes in near future

A Study on Association of Serum Osteocalcin and Adiponectin with Diabetic Markers in Genetically High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Population