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Most immunosuppressive agents were initially developed as antibiotics produced by the genus Streptomyces. This investigation was devoted to explore the bioactive metabolite of the Streptomyces variabilis ASU319 extract and testing the purified active compound of this extract as an immunosuppressive agent in rats blood. Elucidation of the chemical structure and optimization of the active compound were studied as well. Antimicrobial activity was conducted using agar-well diffusion and disc diffusion assays. The antimicrobial metabolite was extracted from the fermentation broth by ethyl acetate and purified by TLC and silica gel column chromatography. The pure active compound was then subjected to spectroscopic analyses: 1H NMR, Elemental analysis, IR and Mass spectra. The active antimicrobial compound was tested as an immunosuppressive agent by injection in the rat blood and the complete blood count (CBC) was determined. The crude extracts of the selected active antagonistic five isolates were tested to prevent the inflammation and proliferation of lymphocytes of the rats blood. The active antimicrobial compound of Streptomyces ASU319 was purified and proven as an immunosuppressive agent. The tested compound decreased each of the neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes than the positive control. The compound was of molecular weight 458 g/mol and had given the proposed chemical formula C24H46O8. The most potent bacterial isolate was identified by 16SrRNA sequencing as Streptomyces variabilis ASU319 with accession number [GenBank: KC145278]. These results revealed that Streptomyces variabilis ASU319 is potential microbial for production of active antimicrobial compound that has the ability to decrease the proliferation of the lymphocytes cells in the blood and may be a good immunosuppressive agent

Biosynthesis of anti-inflammatory immunosuppressive metabolite by Streptomyces variabilis ASU319