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The article draws attention to the assessment of the social and culturalchanges in Soviet society, which carried out the famous Russianphilosophers N. Berdyaev, S.L. Frank, I.A. Ilyin. Are analyzed thenegative effects of the revolutionary process that led to the destruction ofheredity in cultural processes, tough anti-religious struggle and collectivism, marked a fundamental change in the social and culturalspheres. The attention is focused on the issue of self-determination of theperson in the system of values of Soviet society, and socio-culturalmechanisms of the formation of a totalitarian society. Conclusionsregarding the ontological and axiological aspects of the social andcultural changes in Soviet society.Analysis of scientific works of Russian philosophers devoted tounderstanding the effects of the Bolsheviks in the cultural sphereprovides an opportunity to highlight a number of key positions, whichcontributed to the totalitarian system under the banner of socialistsociety. First, the spread of Marxism as the only true ideological doctrineled to the destruction of all forms of dissent, established a dictatorshipover the individual and the impact on the politicization of education,culture, social sphere. Democratic slogans on building national andproletarian society where there is freedom, equality and brotherhood infact conceal violence and diktat authority over a man, which inevitablyleads to totalitarianism.Second, anti-religious struggle and continuous imposition of atheism insociety society led to the destruction of spiritual and mental foundationon which to develop the culture of the twentieth century and which wasthe basis for the outlook and attitude of the individual, his cathedralbecause of the people and society. Belief in Marxism and socialist idealsbecame an artificial substitute for religion, in effect becoming a newform of religion, with its rituals. ceremonies and worship. According tophilosophers, separation of religion and culture led to fatal consequences,and the new proletarian culture can develop only with background ofprevious crops, but it in no way is a natural evolutionary development ofthis culture, but only certain acts surrogate culture with specific andvague objectives.Third, the main factor of unity and catholicity of the masses is not faith inGod and faith in their own forces, united labor group for construction ofa new socialist society. Utopia of the futureis is replaced heavenly utopiaof free and happy future, which is possible only with the active, heroiccollective work for the good of society and in the ideological andpolitical dictates of the party.Thus, social and cultural transformations that have occurred in society inthe first decades of Soviet rule Russian philosophers taken quitepessimistic, these processes are linked with the negative effects of all thedemocratic revolutions that have taken place in the world in the first halfof the twentieth century fundamentally influenced the development ofculture in general

zenodo (cern european organization for nuclear research)

КРИТИКА СОЦІАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНИХ ПЕРЕТВОРЕНЬ У РАДЯНСЬКОМУ СУСПІЛЬСТВІ У ПОГЛЯДАХ М. БЕРДЯЄВА, С.Л. ФРАНКА, І.О. ІЛЬЇНА: ОНТОЛОГІЧНІ ТА АКСІОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ