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The effect of supplementation of lysine or lysine and threonine to the diet of preschool children on their growth and plasma amino acid levels was assessed in feeding trials conducted at the mountainous districts of the northern part of Japan. In the first trial, 0.2g of L-lysine-HCI was given to the children per head per day for 5-13 months, and in the second trial, 0.3g Of L-lysine-HCI and 0.15g of L-threonine were given to them for 5 months. Statistically significant differences in the gains of body weight and height were not observed between the children in the experimental group and in the control group through lysine feeding. But, by the lysine and threonine supplementation, greater gains in body weight and height were observed compared with those of the control group at 1 or 5% significant level. The children with more than 2.0 of the plasma amino acid ratio, which was recommended by Whitehead for the diagnosis of subclinical protein deficiency, apparently showed lowered ratio in both trials. The concentration of plasma valine was significantly increased by the lysine and threonine supplementation (p < 0.02), whereas those of other branched-chain amino acids and tyrosine were not varied with significance.

Effects of Lysine and Threonine Supplementation to the Diet of Preschool Children on their Growth and Plasma Amino Acid Levels