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Relevance: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) alone has been shown to induce tumor regression and approved to treat metastatic renal cancer and melanoma. Checkpoint inhibitors realize their therapeutic&#x0D;effect through stimulation of immune system effectors; one of such&#x0D;mechanisms is the enhancement of IL-2 production by T-helpers.&#x0D;The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness&#x0D;of IL-2 administration as a component of combined immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors and to suggest the mechanisms by which IL-2 can reduce the frequency and severity of side&#x0D;effects during checkpoint inhibitor therapy without reducing their&#x0D;effectiveness.&#x0D;Methods: The literature search was performed in the PubMed,&#x0D;SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases by the keywords in article titles: “immunotherapy,” “checkpoint inhibitors,” “interleukin-2,” and&#x0D;“combination therapy” for the period 2011-2021. A total of 248 relevant articles were found. The review’s inclusion criteria were: clinical&#x0D;cases; data of clinical research methods; data on humans/body fluids from humans; literature reviews and meta-analyses. The selected&#x0D;24 articles met the search criteria and were included in the review.&#x0D;Results: The combined action of IL-2 and сheckpoint inhibitors increases the proliferative and killer activity of the antitumor&#x0D;immunity effectors compared to the action of the same drugs in&#x0D;mono-mode at a level exceeding the summation effect.&#x0D;Conclusion: The combination of IL-2 and сheckpoint inhibitors can increase the effectiveness of anticancer treatment and is&#x0D;a promising area of immunotherapy

Il-2 in combination with immune checkpoints inhibitors as a promising approach for cancer immunotherapy: A literature review