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Biogas fuel production from blends of biological wastes such as pumpkin pod (P), cow(C) and swine(S) dung with maize bract (M) waste was understudied. The wastes were combined in the ratio of M: P (1:1), M:C(1:1), M:S (1:1) and M:P:C(1:1:2) and charged separately into bioreactors of the same capacity (41.0L). Maize bract waste alone acted as the control. Its initial experimental study gave rise to the present investigation. The blends were thereafter subjected to anaerobic digestion batch process for 35 days on the prevailing atmospheric ambient temperature and pressure conditions. Results of the daily performances of each system showed that maize bracts alone had cumulative biogas yield of 59.0 L/Kg.T.S while those of blends (MP, MC, MS and MPC) were 72.0, 105.0, 150.50 and 113.20 L/Kg.T.S, respectively. The lag days (waiting period before flame production from each system) were also different; maize bracts alone – 22 days, while MP, MC, MS and MPC were 13, 5, 25 and 3 days, respectively. Results also indicated increased biogas production from MS, MC and MPC systems. However, MS had lower quality biogas because of longest onset of flammable gas production (25 days). Comparison of volume of gas production from the blends with that of control using least significant differences (LSD) of means showed that gas yield was highly significant for MS,MPC and MC blends (P<0.05). Again, analysis of biogas produced from the blends showed that MP contained 78.75% moist methane, 4.10% O2, 17.7%CO2, 0.04% NO2 and NOx, MC- 83.48%, 1.5%O2, 15.0%CO2, 0.01%NO2 and NOx, MS- 81.96% moist CH4, 0.5% O2, 17.50% CO2, 0.02% NO2 and NOx , MPC – 2.40% O2, 20.40% CO2, 77.16% moist CH4 ,0.02% NO2 and NOx. CO and NO were not found in all the blends during the analysis. Overall results indicated that the low flammable biogas from the maize bract waste could be enhanced significantly by blending with cow and swine dung.

american journal of food and nutrition

Optimization of biogas fuel production from maize (Zea mays) bract waste: Comparative study of biogas production from blending maize bract with biogenic wastes