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Purpose: To assess the clinical and functional outcomes of olanzapine treatment for schizophrenia in a 1-year naturalistic study of inpatients and outpatients in Japan. Methods: We used data from a large (N=1850), prospective, observational study of Japanese schizophrenia patients who were initiated on olanzapine. Clinical and functional outcomes of inpatients and outpatients were contrasted using chi-square tests, t-tests, and mixed models for repeated measures controlling for baseline demographics. Results: At study entry, 43.2% were outpatients and 56.8% were inpatients. The mean (± SD) dosage for olanzapine was 11.4 ± 5.7 mg/day. Outpatients were significantly younger and more likely to be female. The most common reason for switching to olanzapine was poor medication efficacy (outpatients: 71.8%, inpatients: 74.3%), followed by medication intolerability (outpatients: 21.5%, inpatients: 28.0%). Most outpatients (63.8%) and inpatients (71.6%, p=.003) completed the study. Outpatients and inpatients experienced clinically and statistically significant improvements in global symptom severity, positive, negative, depressive, and cognitive symptoms, health-related quality of life, paid work, and social activities. Many outpatients (60.9%) and inpatients (50.5%, p<.001) demonstrated symptomatic response, with 51.0% of outpatients and 32.8% of inpatients (p<.001) experiencing remission. Mean weight gain was 2.06 kg, with 26.5% of patients experiencing clinically significant weight gain (≥ 7%). Discussion: In this 1-year naturalistic study, inpatients and outpatients who initiated treatment with olanzapine experienced significant improvements in their clinical and functional outcomes. One-fourth of patients experienced clinically significant weight gain. Current findings highlight the favorable benefit to risk profile of olanzapine for the treatment of schizophrenia in Japan.

clinical neuropsychopharmacology and therapeutics

Clinical and functional outcomes for patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine: One-year naturalistic outcomes for inpatients and outpatients in Japan