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espanolLa influencia que los estados emocionales tienen en los deportistas cuando compiten ha hecho que la regulacion emocional sea una de las variables psicologicas mas interesantes a estudiar en los ultimos anos en el ambito deportivo. En este sentido, este estudio analiza como los usos de las dos estrategias de regulacion mas usadas de forma disposicional favorecen o disminuyen la recuperacion fisica de los deportistas jovenes despues de la competicion. Todo ello teniendo en cuenta el papel mediador que la autoeficacia y la ansiedad cognitiva tienen en esa relacion. Para este estudio se conto con la participacion de 300 deportistas chilenos de 11 a 18 anos (M = 15,15; DT = 2,38). En concreto, 139 practicaban deportes individuales (canotaje, atletismo, natacion, gimnasia ritmica y tenis) y 161 deportes colectivos (basquetbol, voleibol, futbol y rugby). Los resultados del estudio muestran que el uso de la reevaluacion cognitiva como estrategia disposicional favorece la autoeficacia de los deportistas en competicion y mejora la recuperacion fisica. La supresion emocional, en cambio, se muestra como una estrategia desadaptativa que favorece la ansiedad cognitiva en competicion y dificulta la recuperacion fisica. Se discuten tambien los resultados respecto a las diferencias observadas en el uso de estas dos estrategias de regulacion en deportes individuales y colectivos, y su implicacion practica en la preparacion de los deportistas jovenes en ambas modalidades deportivas. EnglishDue to the influence of positive and negative affects experienced during competition on sports performance, emotional regulation is one of the psychological variables that are more interesting to the sport psychology field. In this sense, this study analyzes how the use of reappraisal and suppression stimulates or hampers the physical recovery of young athletes. All of this taking into account the mediating role of self-efficacy and cognitive anxiety experienced during competition. Three hundred Chilean athletes with ages from 11 to 18 years old participated in this study (M = 15.15; SD = 2.38). Specifically, 139 of them practiced individual sports (boating, athletics, swimming, rhythmic gymnastics and tennis) and 161 collective sports (basketball, volleyball, soccer and rugby). Results show that the use of cognitive reappraisal as a dispositional strategy is associated with positive affect. In addition, cognitive reappraisal promotes self-efficacy in athletes during competition and stimulates their physical recovery. Emotional suppression produces the opposite effect, being associated to negative affect and impairing physical recovery by cognitive anxiety. Results are also discussed related to differences observed in the use of these two emotional regulation strategies in individual and collective sports, along with their practice implications for the training of young athletes in both modalities.

revista internacional de ciencias del deporte

Emotional regulation and physical recovery in young athletes of individual and collective sport modalities. [Regulación emocional y recuperación física de los jóvenes deportistas en modalidades deportivas individual y colectiva].