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Objective: The issue that immunotherapy prevents sensitization to new inhalant allergens in monosensitized patients is controversial. Our aim is to compare the children receiving subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) with children who with similar allergen sensitization receiving pharmacologic treatment in our clinic in order to investigate the effect of (SCIT) on the development of sensitization to new inhalant allergens. Methods: All patients with only mite grass or only pollen sensitivity and diagnosed with asthma and/or allergic rhinitis in our Allergy Clinic between 2000-2015 were included in the study. The SCIT and control group were divided into two subgroups as mite and grass pollen sensitivity. The groups were compared in terms of age, gender, disease characteristics, the interval between two SPTs and development of new allergen sensitization. Results: One hundred and thirty-three (60.4%) patients who met the inclusion criteria in the SCIT group and 87 patients were found suitable for the study in the control group. The mean duration of SCIT treatment was 51.3±9.0 months. No significant difference was detected between the groups, when the SCIT and the control group in terms of age, gender, type of allergic disease, the interval between two SPTs, and the sensitizing allergen (p>0.05). In the SCIT group, the development of sensitization to new allergens was less often in the patients with mite and grass pollen sensitivity compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: When SCIT was administered to the monosensitized patients using grass pollen and mite, the development of sensitization to new allergens was less frequently observed.

Impact of allergen immunotherapy on the development of new sensitization in monosensitized patients