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Oxidative stress is one of the triggers of various degenerative diseases and metabolic syndrome. Antioxidants are compounds that exhibit the activities of neutralizing and scavenging radical molecules, which induce the process of oxidative reactions in the body. One of the many antioxidant compounds found in plants is flavonoids. Banana peels are known to contain flavonoid compounds. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca forma typica). The ethanolic extract of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca forma typica) was prepared using maceration with 96% ethanol as the solvent. The product was concentrated in a vacuum rotary evaporator and water bath. The antioxidant activity test was performed with the DPPH method using various concentrations of extract, namely 1, 2, 3, and 4 ppm. This research found that the ethanolic extract of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca forma typica) had an IC50 value of 4.4 ppm. The ethanolic extract of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca forma typica) has a very strong antioxidant activity. Banana plants are fruit-producing plants widely available in Indonesia, and one of them is the Kepok banana (Musa paradisiaca forma typica). Regarding plantation area and commodity production in Indonesia, bananas occupy the first place among the other types of fruits. Nevertheless, their utilization in the community is so far limited to the fruits alone. They can be consumed either directly or indirectly after being processed first into snack foods, but either way, the banana peel is disposed of as a waste product without adequate options of optimum application (Khorudin, 2016). Chemical compounds, existing with different properties in many plants, are spread throughout the plant’s organs. Banana peel contains flavonoid compounds whose properties include the potential for antioxidants (Atun et al., 2007). It also contains many carbohydrates, minerals such as potassium and sodium, and cellulose. Based on a phytochemical analysis of banana peel extract, Salau and Ajani (2012) affirm that banana peels contain secondary metabolites, such as saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phlobatannins, anthraquinones, and quinones, that have antibacterial activity (Fadhilah et al., 2014). Flavonoids are active compounds that can have beneficial properties, for instance, they function as antioxidants (Sjahid, 2008; Sousa et al., 2004) and exhibit anti-dermatosis (Rajendra et al., 2004) chemopreventive, anticancer (Galati and O’Brien, 2004), antiviral (Wei et al., 2004), antibacterial and antiinflammatory activities (Sjahid, 2008). Horry and Jay in Harborne (1993) isolate and identify several flavonoid compounds from the banana peel of M. acuminata species. These compounds are cyanidin, delphinidin, petunidin, and malvidin-3-ramnosil-1,6-glucoside. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of banana peel (Musa paradisiaca forma typica). Musa paradisiaca forma typica is still considered one family with Musa acumianta, which chemotaxonomically has similar secondary metabolite compounds.

The Antioxidant Activity Analysis of the Ethanolic Extract of Banana Peel (Musa paradisiaca forma typica) with DPPH Method