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In this paper, we show that cognitive consonance could be measured using the perceived cognitive consonance questionnaire that we present in this paper or using three different constructs which are the prospect, anxiety and learned helplessness. We used different motivating agents and we verified whether the student’s motivation would increase too. In the second study, we measured the cognitive consonance using the related questionnaire and the three constructs that we proofed that they help on measuring the cognitive consonance during the first study. This method is called the triangulation and help us to make sure that the cognitive consonance has truly increased or not when we manipulate the motivation construct. Finally, since cognitive consonance increased when we use a motivating agent, we decided to investigate which of three agents (a teacher, a tablet or a robot) may lead to better motivation outcome and thus may help the student to strive for answering and focusing on the difficult scientific questions. Results show that using a robot is the best solution that may increase the student’s motivation and help him/her to adopt a positive attitude change on a long term basis while the student starts to concentrate on the difficult questions rather than jumping to the easy ones.

A Motivating Social Robot to Help Achieve Cognitive Consonance During STEM Learning