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As part of the actions of the National Chagas Program (NChP) in Argentina, the standard of care for infected chagasic children, namely early detection of Trypanosoma cruzi infection and specific treatment, are described. The evaluation and coverage of etiological treatment for Chagas disease in children under 1 year of age (congenital Chagas disease), and between 1 and 14 years old (recent chronic phase), in the period from 2003 to 2006, is described. Data were provided by the representatives of Chagas Provincial Laboratory Network and heads of provincial programs, and national jurisdiction of Chagas in Argentina, to the National Coordination of Vector Control (NCVC). 13,866 children under 1 year of age, with parasitological methods and/or serological pairs for infection by T. cruzi, were studied. From them, 1,016 children were positive (7.33%) and, of those, 529 (52.07%) were treated. 158,640 children under 15 years of age from endemic areas were studied through serological population-based studies. From them 4,549 positive children were detected (2.87%) and 1,526 (33.55%) of them were treated. After a global analysis of data from groups 1 and 2, results showed an inadequate (<50%) coverage among the provinces. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between groups with p<0.0001, suggesting there would be a major difficulty at the provincial levels to improve the treatment of children infected, mainly those cases of congenital Chagas disease. There was a relation among those provinces that harbor a higher proportion of infected children and the gap presented between diagnosis and treatment. We believe that these preliminary results will reinforce the need of an analytical study to identify the causes that impede access to the etiological treatment for infection by T. cruzi, and thus to define strategies to deal with them.

revista de patologia tropical / journal of tropical pathology

Cobertura de tratamiento etiológico para la infección por Trypanosoma cruzi, en niños menores de 15 años, en la república Argentina. Período 2003-2006.