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The present article intends to make a synthesis on the subject of land ownership in the work and thought of José de Souza Martins and, from there, reflect on how land and power permeate, intertwined, Brazilian society. It is evident that his bibliography, which is too extensive, covers other issues related to the theme chosen and will permeate this text in its development, especially with regard to the constitution of historical subjects on the one hand, and the different notions of rights with which they operate, for another. The structure of this paper will cover some of the author's * Doutora e Mestre em Ciências Sociais em Desenvolvimento, Agricultura e Sociedade (CPDA/UFRRJ), Graduada em Ciências Sociais (UFF). Professora Adjunta da UFG/Regional Goiás. Contato: janainatudeseva@gmail.com ** Doutorando em Antropologia Social (PPGAS/UFG), Mestre em Direito Agrário (PPGDA/UFG), Graduado em Direito (UFG). Professor Assistente da UFT/Campus Arraias. Contatp: martins.joaovitor@yahoo.com.br. Propriedade da terra e poder no Brasil na obra de José de Souza Martins R. Fac. Dir. UFG, v. 42, n. 3, p.180-201, set./dez. 2018 ISSN 0101-7187 181 titles and articles, such as "Immigration and the Crisis in Brazil Agrarian" (1973), "Capitalism and Traditionalism" (1975), "The Captivity of the Earth" Expropriation and Violence "(1980)," The Militarization of the Agrarian Question "(1984)," The Power of Delay "(1994)," Frontiers. The degradation of the Other in the confines of the Human "(1997)," Agrarian Reform: the impossible dialogue "(2000). In a diachronic perspective that is proposed to follow in this exposition about the author's bibliography, one notices movements of incorporation and abandonment of some ideas and / or terminologies, as well as political and personal positions (the latter will not be object of this reflection). Already through a synchronized analysis of processes, relations and social institutions, one can apprehend the theoretical and methodological frameworks of the author. In dealing with land ownership as processes, relations and social institutions we will be identifying the historical singularities of the Brazilian case of capitalist development and the formation of a dominant class in the field. Key-words: Land Property, Power, Rights, José de Souza Martins.