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Objective. The aim of our study was to evaluate and compare the incidence rate of stoma infection after tracheostomy according to the type of procedure: percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) vs surgical tracheostomy (ST) in Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit (NICU) patients. Material and methods. We performed a single-center observational, retrospective cohort study including patients who underwent tracheostomy during their stay in the NICU at 2200 bed university teaching hospital from October 2012 to December 2015. In total 240 patients were identified, the data from 202 patients (140 males) with median age 60 (19-80) who met the inclusion criteria were used for further analysis. There were 84 patients in PDT group and 118 patients in ST group. Results. The incidence rate of stoma infection was significantly lower in PDT group compared to ST group: 14 (16.7%) vs. 77 (65.3%), p<0.001. The regression analysis showed that the use of ST was associated with an increase in the risk of stoma infection (OR=8.83; 95% CI 4.40-17.71; p<0.001). Conclusion. The incidence rate of stoma infection was significantly higher in ST group compared to PDT group in NICU patients. ST strategy was associated with increased probability for stoma infection compared to PDT.

PERCUTANEOUS VS SURGICAL TRACHEOSTOMY: AN INCIDENCE RATE OF STOMA INFECTION IN THE NEUROSURGERY ICU OF THE SINGLE TERTIARY LEVEL HOSPITAL