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. In fire-prone ecosystems, many plant species have specializedmechanisms of seed dormancy that ensure a successful recruitmentafter fire. A well-documented mechanism is the germinationstimulated by fire-related cues, such as heat shock andsmoke. However, less is known about the role of inhibitorygermination signals (e.g. allelopathy) in regulating post-firerecruitment. Plant leachates derived from the unburned vegetationcan enforce dormancy by means of allelopathic compounds, acting asa signal of unfavourable (highly competitive) niche for germinationin pyrophyte species. Here, we assessed the separate effects of heatshock and plant leachates on seed germination ofDrosophyllum lusitanicum, an endangered carnivorous plantendemic to Mediterranean fire-prone heathlands. We performeda germination experiment in which seeds were subjected to threetreatments: (1) 5  min at 100  ∘ C, (2) watering withplant leachate, and (3) control. Germination rate and seedviability was determined after 63 days. Heat shock stimulated seedgermination in D. lusitanicum while plant leachates hadinhibitory germination effects without reducing seedviability. Thus, both positive and negative signals could beinvolved in its successful post-fire recruitment. Fire would breakseed dormancy and stimulate seed germination ofD. lusitanicum through high temperatures, but also byeliminating allelochemical compounds from the soil. These resultshelp to understand the population dynamics patterns found forD. lusitanicum in natural populations, and highlight therole of fire in the ecology and conservation of this endangeredspecies. Seed dormancy imposed by plant-derived leachates as anadaptive mechanism should be considered more in fire ecology theory.

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Heat shock and plant leachates regulate seed germination of the endangered carnivorous plant &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Drosophyllum lusitanicum&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;