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. Extreme maximum temperatures during Australian spring can have deleteriousimpacts on a range of sectors from health to wine grapes to planning forwildfires but are studied relatively little compared to spring rainfall.Spring maximum temperatures in Australia have been rising over recentdecades, and it is important to understand how Australian spring maximumtemperatures develop in the present and warming climate. Australia's climateis influenced by variability in the tropics and extratropics, but some ofthis influence impacts Australia differently from winter to summer and,consequently, may have different impacts on Australia as spring evolves.Using linear regression analysis, this paper explores the atmosphericdynamics and remote drivers of high maximum temperatures over the individualmonths of spring. We find that the drivers of early spring maximumtemperatures in Australia are more closely related to low-level windchanges, which in turn are more related to the Southern Annular Mode thanvariability in the tropics. By late spring, Australia's maximum temperaturesare proportionally more related to warming through subsidence than low-levelwind changes and more closely related to tropical variability. Thisincreased relationship with the tropical variability is linked with thebreakdown of the subtropical jet through spring and an associated change intropically forced Rossby wave teleconnections. An improved understanding ofhow the extratropics and tropics project onto the mechanisms that drive highmaximum temperatures through spring may lead to improved sub-seasonalprediction of high temperatures in the future.

Tropical influence on heat-generating atmospheric circulation over Australia strengthens through spring