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Based upon thermal-infrared satellite imagery in combination with ERA-Interimatmospheric reanalysis data, we derive long-term polynya characteristics such aspolynya area, thin-ice thickness distribution, and ice-production rates for a13-year investigation period (2002–2014) for the austral winter(1 April to 30 September) in the Antarctic southern Weddell Sea. All polynyaparameters are derived from daily cloud-cover corrected thin-ice thickness composites.The focus lies on coastal polynyas which are important hot spots for new-ice formation,bottom-water formation, and heat/moisture release into the atmosphere. MODIShas the capability to resolve even very narrow coastal polynyas. Its majordisadvantage is the sensor limitation due to cloud cover. We make use of anewly developed and adapted spatial feature reconstruction scheme to accountfor cloud-covered areas. We find the sea-ice areas in front of the Ronne andBrunt ice shelves to be the most active with an annual average polynya area of3018 ± 1298 and 3516 ± 1420 km2 as well as an accumulatedvolume ice production of 31 ± 13 and 31 ± 12 km3,respectively. For the remaining four regions, estimates amount to421 ± 294 km2 and 4 ± 3 km3 (Antarctic Peninsula),1148 ± 432 km2 and 12 ± 5 km3 (iceberg A23A),901 ± 703 km2 and 10 ± 8 km3 (Filchner Ice Shelf), aswell as 499 ± 277 km2 and 5 ± 2 km3 (Coats Land). Ourfindings are discussed in comparison to recent studies based on coupledsea-ice/ocean models and passive-microwave satellite imagery, eachinvestigating different parts of the southern Weddell Sea

Long-term coastal-polynya dynamics in the southern Weddell Sea from MODIS thermal-infrared imagery