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. After Totten, Denman Glacier is the largest contributor to sealevel rise in East Antarctica. Denman's catchment contains an ice volumeequivalent to 1.5 m of global sea level and sits in the Aurora SubglacialBasin (ASB). Geological evidence of this basin's sensitivity to past warmperiods, combined with recent observations showing that Denman's ice speedis accelerating and its grounding line is retreating along a retrogradeslope, has raised the prospect that its contributions to sea level risecould accelerate. In this study, we produce the first long-term(∼50 years) record of past glacier behaviour (ice flow speed,ice tongue structure and calving) and combine these observations withnumerical modelling to explore the likely drivers of its recent change. Wefind a spatially widespread acceleration of the Denman system since the1970s across both its grounded (17±4 % acceleration; 1972–2017)and floating portions (36±5 % acceleration; 1972–2017). Ournumerical modelling experiments show that a combination of grounding lineretreat, ice tongue thinning and the unpinning of Denman's ice tongue from apinning point following its last major calving event are required tosimulate an acceleration comparable with observations. Given its bedtopography and the geological evidence that Denman Glacier has retreatedsubstantially in the past, its recent grounding line retreat and ice flowacceleration suggest that it could be poised to make a significantcontribution to sea level in the near future.

Recent acceleration of Denman Glacier (1972–2017), East Antarctica, driven by grounding line retreat and changes in ice tongue configuration