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. We present the results of an assessment of ice surfaceelevation measurements from NASA's Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2(ICESat-2) along the CHINARE (CHINese Antarctic Research Expedition) routenear the Amery Ice Shelf in East Antarctica. The validation campaign wasdesigned and implemented in cooperation with the 36th CHINARE Antarcticexpedition from December 2019 to February 2020. The assessment of theICESat-2 geolocated photon product (ATL03) and land ice elevation product(ATL06) was performed based on coordinated multi-sensor observations usingtwo roof-mounted kinematic global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers, two line arrays of corner cuberetroreflectors (CCRs), two sets of retroreflective target sheets (RTSs),and two unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with cameras. This systematicvalidation of the ICESat-2 data covered a variety of Antarctic ice surfaceconditions along the 520 km traverse from the coastal Zhongshan Station tothe inland Taishan Station. This comprehensive investigation iscomplementary to the 750 km traverse validation of flat inland Antarcticacontaining a 300 km latitude traverse of 88∘ S by the mission team(Brunt et al., 2021). Overall, the validation results show that theelevation of the ATL06 ice surface points is accurate to 1.5 cm with aprecision of 9.1 cm along the 520 km CHINARE route. The elevation of theATL03 photons has an offset of 2.1 cm from a GNSS-surveyed CCR and isaccurate to 2.5 cm with a precision of 2.7 cm as estimated by using RTSs.The validation results demonstrate that the estimated ICESat-2 elevationsare accurate to 1.5–2.5 cm in this East Antarctic region, which shows thepotential of the data products for eliminating mission biases by overcomingthe uncertainties in the estimation of mass balance in East Antarctica. Itshould be emphasized that the results based on the CCR and RTS techniquescan be improved by further aggregation of observation opportunities for amore robust assessment. The developed validation methodology and sensorsystem can be applied for continuous assessment of ICESat-2 data, especiallyfor calibration against potential degradation of the elevation measurementsduring the later operation period.

the cryosphere

Assessment of ICESat-2 ice surface elevations over the Chinese Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE) route, East Antarctica, based on coordinated multi-sensor observations