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Abstract. Mass balance observations are very useful to assess climate change indifferent regions of the world. As opposed to glacier-wide mass balanceswhich are influenced by the dynamic response of each glacier, pointmass balances provide a direct climatic signal that depends on surfaceaccumulation and ablation only. Unfortunately, major efforts are required toconduct in situ measurements on glaciers. Here, we propose a new approach thatdetermines point surface mass balances from remote sensing observations. Wecall this balance the geodetic point surface mass balance. From observationsand modelling performed on the Argentière and Mer de Glace glaciers over thelast decade, we show that the vertical ice flow velocity changes are smallin areas of low bedrock slope. Therefore, assuming constant verticalvelocities in time for such areas and provided that the vertical velocitieshave been measured for at least 1 year in the past, our method can be usedto reconstruct annual point surface mass balances from surface elevationsand horizontal velocities alone. We demonstrate that the annual pointsurface mass balances can be reconstructed with an accuracy of about0.3 m of water equivalent per year (m w.e. a−1) using the vertical velocities observed over the previous yearsand data from unmanned aerial vehicle images. Given the recent improvementsof satellite sensors, it should be possible to apply this method to high-spatial-resolution satellite images as well.

Geodetic point surface mass balances: a new approach to determine point surface mass balances on glaciers from remote sensing measurements