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. While variations of Baltic Sea ice extent and thickness have beenextensively studied, there is little information about drift ice thickness,distribution, and its variability. In our study, we quantify the interannualvariability of sea ice thickness in the Bay of Bothnia during the years2003–2016. We use various different data sets: official ice charts, drillingdata from the regular monitoring stations in the coastal fast ice zone, andhelicopter and shipborne electromagnetic soundings. We analyze the differentdata sets and compare them to each other to characterize the interannualvariability, to discuss the ratio of level and deformed ice, and to deriveice thickness distributions in the drift ice zone. In the fast ice zone theaverage ice thickness is 0.58±0.13  m. Deformed ice increases thevariability of ice conditions in the drift ice zone, where the average icethickness is 0.92±0.33  m. On average, the fraction of deformed ice is50 % to 70 % of the total volume. In heavily ridged ice regions near thecoast, mean ice thickness is approximately half a meter thicker than that ofpure thermodynamically grown fast ice. Drift ice exhibits larger interannualvariability than fast ice.

Interannual sea ice thickness variability in the Bay of Bothnia