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. In order to derive long-term changes in sea-ice volume, amulti-decadal sea-ice thickness record is required. CryoSat-2 has showcasedthe potential of radar altimetry for sea-ice mass-balance estimation over therecent years. However, precursor altimetry missions such as Environmental Satellite (Envisat) have notbeen exploited to the same extent so far. Combining both missions to acquirea decadal sea-ice volume data set requires a method to overcome thediscrepancies due to different footprint sizes from either pulse-limited orbeam-sharpened radar echoes. In this study, we implemented an inter-mission-consistentsurface-type classification scheme for both hemispheres, based onthe waveform pulse peakiness, leading-edge width, and surface backscatter. Inorder to achieve a consistent retracking procedure, we adapted the thresholdfirst-maximum retracker algorithm, previously used only for CryoSat-2, todevelop an adaptive retracker threshold that depends on waveformcharacteristics. With our method, we produce a global and consistentfreeboard data set for CryoSat-2 and Envisat. This novel data set features amaximum monthly difference in the mission-overlap period of 2.2  cm (2.7  cm ) for the Arctic (Antarctic) based on all gridded values withspatial resolution of 25 km × 25 km and 50 km × 50 km for the Arctic and Antarctic, respectively.

the cryosphere

Empirical parametrization of Envisat freeboard retrieval of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice based on CryoSat-2: progress in the ESA Climate Change Initiative