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Stoichiometric approaches have been applied to understand the relationshipbetween soil organic matter dynamics and biological nutrienttransformations. However, very few studies have explicitly considered the effectsof agricultural management practices on the soil C : N : P ratio. The aim of thisstudy was to assess how different input types and rates would affect theC : N : P molar ratios of bulk soil, organic matter and microbial biomass incropped soils in the long term. Thus, we analysed the C, N, and P inputs andbudgets as well as soil properties in three long-term experimentsestablished on different soil types: the Saria soil fertility trial (BurkinaFaso), the Wagga Wagga rotation/stubble management/soil preparation trial(Australia), and the DOK (bio-Dynamic, bio-Organic, and “Konventionell”) croppingsystem trial (Switzerland). In each of these trials, there was a large rangeof C, N, and P inputs which had a strong impact on element concentrations insoils. However, although C : N : P ratios of the inputs were highly variable,they had only weak effects on soil C : N : P ratios. At Saria, a positivecorrelation was found between the N : P ratio of inputs and microbial biomass,while no relation was observed between the nutrient ratios of inputs andsoil organic matter. At Wagga Wagga, the C : P ratio of inputs wassignificantly correlated to total soil C : P, N : P, and C : N ratios, but had noimpact on the elemental composition of microbial biomass. In the DOK trial,a positive correlation was found between the C budget and the C to organic Pratio in soils, while the nutrient ratios of inputs were not related tothose in the microbial biomass. We argue that these responses are due todifferences in soil properties among sites. At Saria, the soil is dominatedby quartz and some kaolinite, has a coarse texture, a fragile structure, anda low nutrient content. Thus, microorganisms feed on inputs (plant residues,manure). In contrast, the soil at Wagga Wagga contains illite and haematite,is richer in clay and nutrients, and has a stable structure. Thus, organicmatter is protected from mineralization and can therefore accumulate,allowing microorganisms to feed on soil nutrients and to keep a constantC : N : P ratio. The DOK soil represents an intermediate situation, with highnutrient concentrations, but a rather fragile soil structure, where organicmatter does not accumulate. We conclude that the study of C, N, and P ratiosis important to understand the functioning of cropped soils in thelong term, but that it must be coupled with a precise assessment of elementinputs and budgets in the system and a good understanding of the ability ofsoils to stabilize C, N, and P compounds

Soil properties and not inputs control carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus ratios in cropped soils in the long term