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A speleoseismological study has been conducted in theCavallone Cave, located in the easternmost carbonate sector of the CentralApennines (Maiella Massif), in a seismically active region interposedbetween the post-orogenic extensional domain, to the west, and thecontractional one, to the east. The occurrence of active <q>silent normalfaults</q>, to the west, close to blind thrusts, to the east, raises criticalquestions about the seismic hazard for this transitional zone. Largecollapses of cave ceilings, fractures, broken speleothems with newre-growing stalagmites on their top, preferential orientation of fallenstalagmites and the absence of thin and long concretions have been observedin many portions of the karst conduit. This may indicate that the cavesuffered sudden deformation events likely linked to the occurrence of paststrong earthquakes. Radiocarbon dating and, above all, the robustcorrespondence with other coeval on-fault and off-fault geological datacollected in surrounding areas outside the cave, provide importantconstraints for the individuation of a mid-Holocene paleoearthquake around4.6–4.8 kyr BP. On the basis of the available paleoseismological data,possible seismogenic sources can be identified with the Sulmona normal faultand other active normal fault segments along its southern prosecution, whichrecorded synchronous strong paleoevents. Althoughthe correlation between speleotectonic observations and quantitativemodeling is disputed, studies on possible effects of earthquake on karstic landforms and features, when corroborated by independent data collected outside caves, can provide a useful contribution in discovering past earthquakes

solid earth

Defining a mid-Holocene earthquake through speleoseismological and independent data: implications for the outer Central Apennines (Italy) seismotectonic framework