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Soil acidity has become a principal constraint in dry landcrop production systems of acidic Ultisols in tropical and subtropicalregions of southern China, where winter wheat and canola are cultivated asimportant rotational crops. There is little information on the determinationof critical soil pH as well as aluminium (Al) concentration for wheat andcanola crops. The objective of this study is to determine the critical soilpH and exchangeable aluminium concentration (AlKCl) for wheat andcanola production. Two pot cultures with two Ultisols from Hunan and Anhui(SE China) were conducted for wheat and canola crops in a controlled growthchamber. Aluminium sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and hydrated lime(Ca(OH)2) were used to obtain the target soil pH levels from 3.7(Hunan) and 3.97 (Anhui) to 6.5. Plant height, shoot dry weight, root dryweight, and chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of wheat and canola wereadversely affected by soil acidity in both locations. The critical soil pHand AlKCl of the Ultisol from Hunan for wheat were 5.29 and 0.56 cmol kg−1, respectively. At Anhui, the threshold soil pH and AlKCl forwheat were 4.66 and 1.72 cmol kg−1, respectively. On the other hand,the critical soil pH for canola was 5.65 and 4.87 for the Ultisols fromHunan and Anhui, respectively. The critical soil exchangeable Al for canolacannot be determined from the experiment of this study. The resultssuggested that the critical soil pH and AlKCl varied between differentlocations for the same variety of crop, due to the different soil types andtheir other soil chemical properties. The critical soil pH for canola washigher than that for wheat for both Ultisols, and thus canola was more sensitiveto soil acidity. Therefore, we recommend that liming should be undertaken toincrease soil pH if it falls below these critical soil pH levels for wheatand canola production

Determination of critical pH and Al concentration of acidic Ultisols for wheat and canola crops