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We combine geophysical well logging and passive seismic measurements tocharacterize the near-surface geology of an area located in Hontomin, Burgos(Spain). This area has some near-surface challenges for a geophysical study.The irregular topography is characterized by limestone outcrops andunconsolidated sediments areas. Additionally, the near-surface geologyincludes an upper layer of pure limestones overlying marly limestones andmarls (Upper Cretaceous). These materials lie on top of Low Cretaceoussiliciclastic sediments (sandstones, clays, gravels). In any case, a layerwith reduced velocity is expected. The geophysical data sets used in thisstudy include sonic and gamma-ray logs at two boreholes and passive seismicmeasurements: three arrays and 224 seismic stations for applying thehorizontal-to-vertical amplitude spectra ratio method (H/V). Well-loggingdata define two significant changes in the <i>P</i>-wave-velocity log within theUpper Cretaceous layer and one more at the Upper to Lower Cretaceous contact.This technique has also been used for refining the geological interpretation.The passive seismic measurements provide a map of sediment thickness with amaximum of around 40 m and shear-wave velocity profiles from the arraytechnique. A comparison between seismic velocity coming from well logging andarray measurements defines the resolution limits of the passive seismictechniques and helps it to be interpreted. This study shows how theselow-cost techniques can provide useful information about near-surfacecomplexity that could be used for designing a geophysical field survey or forseismic processing steps such as statics or imaging

Characterization of a complex near-surface structure using well logging and passive seismic measurements