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In a changing world, the prevalence of land degradation is becominga serious problem, especially in countries with arid and semi-aridrangelands. There are many techniques to assess rangeland degradation thatrely on scientific knowledge but ignore indigenous people. Indigenouspeople have accumulated precious knowledge about land management through generations of experience. Therefore, a study was conducted to find out howindigenous people assess rangeland degradation and how their ecologicalknowledge can be used for rangeland degradation assessment. Interviewswere conducted with the pastoralists of two sites (Dasht and Mirza Baylu),where part of both areas is located in Golestan National Park (north-eastern Iran). A structured questionnaire was designed based on 17 indicatorstaken from literature and also primary discussions with pastoralists inorder to evaluate land degradation. A qualitative Likert five-point scale wasused for scoring rangeland degradation indicators. The results revealed thatpastoralists pay more attention to edaphic indicators than to vegetative andother indicators. There were significant differences between the inside andoutside of the park in terms of rangeland degradation indicators for bothsites. The results show that the rangelands outside of the park in both siteswere degraded compared to those inside of the park, especially in the areas closeto villages. It can be concluded that pastoralists have a wealth ofknowledge about the vegetation and grazing animal habits that can be used inrangeland degradation assessment. It is therefore necessary to document theirecological indigenous knowledge and involve them in the process of rangeland-degradationassessment

Rangeland degradation assessment: a new strategy based on the ecological knowledge of indigenous pastoralists